Data Protection in the EU, e-Privacy and Data Retention

Data at the Boundaries of European Law represents an original and engaged piece of scholarship in an important and fast developing field of policy and research. Beyond, and including, the most recent major new pieces of EU legislation-the Data Governance Act, together with the Data Act and the AI Act still going through the legislative process-this book draws attention to the substance of a number of core themes of the relationship between law and the digital world that are still somewhat hidden. These themes include the mimetic regulatory trajectories in and around the GDPR, transparency, ownership, and accountability, as well as the translation of all of these into core areas of public law such as criminal law, migration law, and intellectual property law. As a result, this book occupies a distinctive place in the debate on digital law that goes beyond the various silos of knowledge of particular legal disciplines. The issues addressed in this book are of interest to a global readership. They grapple with a number of the difficult themes of our times as applied to private and public actors and their (future) regulation in a manner that is relevant not just in Europe but worldwide.

This commentary covers all topics and critical aspects elicited by the new European General Data Protection Regulation and its interpretation. The commentary focuses on the regulation itself, including cross-references to further provisions (eg the Police and Criminal Justice Data Protection Directive, the E-Privacy-Directive or the former Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC). Article by article the purpose of a provision is classified, its background, function and structure analysed and its content interpreted. The commentary provides an independent view of all topics, presenting both an overview and specific interpretation that provide far-reaching arguments. The editors and authors are outstanding experts in the field of data protection law well known for their practical as well as structured and thorough approach to data protection issues. They offer suitable solutions and sound arguments especially for international companies, legal councils and corporate lawyers as well as data protection agencies, NGOs and legislators.

Le fonctionnement de notre société repose sur des traitements de données à caractère personnel. Pour cette raison, la maîtrise des règles qui leur sont applicables est devenue indispensable pour tous les juristes, étudiants, universitaires ou professionnels. Cet ouvrage a pour but de mettre en relief les questions fondamentales du droit des données à caractère personnel et d'en proposer quelques clés de compréhension, car c'est un droit original. Fruit d'une mise en balance des droits et libertés des personnes concernées (droits à la protection des données et au respect de la vie privée notamment) et des responsables de traitements (libertés d'entreprendre et d'expression, droit au respect des biens), il a pour finalité de protéger les personnes, qui sont dotées de droits pour contrôler la licéité du traitement de leurs données, et d'assurer la libre circulation de ces dernières dans l'Union européenne.

Cette 3e édition rassemble tous les textes utiles aux professionnels du numérique : les textes applicables aux activités numériques : open data, données de santé, RGPD, e-commerce, responsabilité des plateformes et des hébergeurs, e-administration, cybersécurité, identité numérique, cybercriminalité, algorithmes, vidéo-protection fixe et mobile, influenceurs,...; les dispositions relatives à la propriété intellectuelle, au secret des affaires, à l'environnement, à la protection du consommateur, à la vie professionnelle, aux contrats, aux modes de preuve, renseignement, archivage,...; les droits étrangers applicables en France tels que le Cloud Act américain et la Personnal Information Protection Law chinois ; les textes propres aux professions réglementées (commissaires de justice, notaires, avocats) concernant l'usage du numérique dans le cadre de leurs activités. Tous les textes sont organisés de manière logique et commentés pour permettre au praticien de trouver rapidement ce dont il a besoin grâce à un index refondu de 1 400 entrées renvoyant à plus de 3 500 termes.

Que de changements! Les activités numériques ne représentent plus un simple objet d'études mais un immense champ en expansion constante : réseau Internet, plateformes, applications de smartphone et maintenant IA se sont installés dans tous les domaines du droit. Or le développement sans entrave de ces opérateurs qui a prévalu afin de bâtir une nouvelle économie cède la place à leur régulation. Ainsi les règlements appelés « Digital Services Act » et « Digital Markets Act » de 2022 instaurent-ils de nombreuses contraintes à la charge des grandes plateformes et des moteurs de recherche. Ces règlements très substantiels avaient été précédés en 2016 par le RGPD destiné à protéger les données personnelles disponibles qui se massifient à un rythme exponentiel à l'heure de nouvelles technologies (IA, caméra augmentée) et de nouveaux usages (cookie walls, dark patterns, etc.). Par ailleurs, le développement du web 2.0, voire du web 3, est source de nouveaux défis pour la protection des droits de propriété intellectuelle. Blockchain, métavers, NFT... sont autant d'objets nouveaux susceptibles de bousculer les règles du droit d'auteur, du droit des marques et des noms de domaine. Enfin, l'immense champ de l'IA s'ouvre avec le règlement appelé « législation sur l'IA » de 2023 qui tente le compromis entre régulation et liberté d'innovation. Tous ces changements continuent de s'agencer au sein de l'ouvrage entre contrats, valeurs immatérielles, contraintes et contentieux.

Vulnerability has traditionally been viewed through the lens of specific groups of people, such as ethnic minorities, children, the elderly, or people with disabilities. With the rise of digital media, our perceptions of vulnerable groups and individuals have been reshaped as new vulnerabilities and different vulnerable sub-groups of users, consumers, citizens, and data subjects emerge. Vulnerability and Data Protection Law not only depicts these problems but offers the reader a detailed investigation of the concept of data subjects and a reconceptualization of the notion of vulnerability within the General Data Protection Regulation. The regulation offers a forward-facing set of tools that-though largely underexplored-are essential in rebalancing power asymmetries and mitigating induced vulnerabilities in the age of artificial intelligence. Considering the new risks and potentialities of the digital market, the new awareness about cognitive weaknesses, and the new philosophical sensitivity about the condition of human vulnerability, the author looks for a more general and layered definition of the data subject's vulnerability that goes beyond traditional labels. In doing so, he seeks to promote a 'vulnerability-aware' interpretation of the GDPR. A heuristic analysis that re-interprets the whole GDPR, this work is essential for both scholars of data protection law and for policymakers looking to strengthen regulations and protect the data of vulnerable individuals.

News headlines about privacy invasions, discrimination, and biases discovered in the platforms of big technology companies are commonplace today, and big tech's reluctance to disclose how they operate counteracts ideals of transparency, openness, and accountability. This book is for computer science students and researchers who want to study big tech's corporate surveillance from an experimental, empirical, or quantitative point of view and thereby contribute to holding big tech accountable. As a comprehensive technical resource, it guides readers through the corporate surveillance landscape and describes in detail how corporate surveillance works, how it can be studied experimentally, and what existing studies have found. It provides a thorough foundation in the necessary research methods and tools, and introduces the current research landscape along with a wide range of open issues and challenges. The book also explains how to consider ethical issues and how to turn research results into real-world change.

Breaking Away sounds a warning call alerting readers that their privacy and autonomy concerns are indeed warranted, and the remedies deserve far greater attention than they have received from our leading policymakers and experts to date. Through the various prisms of economic theory, market data, policy, and law, the book offers a clear and accessible insight into how a few powerful firms - Google, Apple, Facebook (Meta), and Amazon - have used the same anticompetitive playbook and manipulated the current legal regime for their gain at our collective expense.While much has been written about these four companies' power, far less has been said about addressing their risks. In looking at the proposals to date, however, policymakers and scholars have not fully addressed three fundamental issues: First, will more competition necessarily promote our privacy and well-being? Second, who owns the personal data, and is that even the right question? Third, what are the policy implications if personal data is non-rivalrous?Breaking Away not only articulates the limitations of the current enforcement and regulatory approach but offers concrete proposals to promote competition, without having to sacrifice our privacy. This book explores how these platforms accumulated their power, why the risks they pose are far greater than previously believed, and why the tools need to be far more robust than what is being proposed. Policymakers, scholars, and business owners, managers, and entrepreneurs seeking to compete and innovate in the digital platform economy will find the book an invaluable source of information.

As the data economy grows in power, Carissa Veliz exposes how our privacy is eroded by big tech and governments, why that matters and what we can do about it. The first book to call for the end of the data economy. Carissa Veliz exposes how our personal data is giving too much to big tech and governments, why that matters, and what we can do about it. Have you ever been denied insurance, a loan, or a job? Have you had your credit card number stolen? Do you have to wait too long when you call customer service? Have you paid more for a product than one of your friends? Have you been harassed online? Have you noticed politics becoming more divisive in your country? You might have the data economy to thank for all that and more. The moment you check your phone in the morning you are giving away your data. Before you've even switched off your alarm, a whole host of organisations have been alerted to when you woke up, where you slept, and with whom. Our phones, our TVs, even our washing machines are spies in our own homes. Without your permission, or even your awareness, tech companies are harvesting your location, your likes, your habits, your relationships, your fears, your medical issues, and sharing it amongst themselves, as well as with governments and a multitude of data vultures. They're not just selling your data. They're selling the power to influence you and decide for you. Even when you've explicitly asked them not to. And it's not just you. It's all your contacts too, all your fellow citizens. Privacy is as collective as it is personal. Digital technology is stealing our personal data and with it our power to make free choices. To reclaim that power, and our democracy, we must take back control of our personal data. Surveillance is undermining equality. We are being treated differently on the basis of our data. What can we do? The stakes are high. We need to understand the power of data better. We need to start protecting our privacy. And we need regulation. We need to pressure our representatives. It is time to pull the plug on the surveillance economy. Insightful, terrifying, practical- Privacy is Power highlights the implications of our laid-back attitude to data and sets out how we can take back control. If you liked The Age of Surveillance Capitalism, you'll love Privacy is Power because it provides a philosophical perspective on the politics of privacy, and offers very practical solutions, both for policymakers and ordinary citizens.