Data Governance Redefined: The Evolution of EU Data Regulations from the GDPR to the DMA, DSA, DGA, Data Act and AI Act; Pathak, Maitrayee; European data protection law review (Internet), 2024-05, Volume 10 (1), p. 43-56
This article explores the evolution of EU Data Regulations from the GDPR, through the DMA, DSA, DGA, Data Act and the upcoming AI Act. It addresses a research gap of a comprehensive evolutionary view of a significant regulatory expansion in the scope of data, the diversification of regulated entities, and the increasing complexity of data management activities. Through a comparative legal analysis, it highlights how the regulations responded to digital challenges, from the often obscure and anticompetitive data management practices of big tech companies to the emergence of new technologies such as IoT, smart contracts and generative AI, and created the expansion of regulatory reach to new entities, including gatekeepers, online intermediaries, data intermediaries, data altruism organisations, manufacturers of connected products, AI system developers and many more, and a broadening scope of data from personal to non-personal and business data. Our analysis critically assesses the alignment of this evolution with the European Data Strategy of creating a single market for data through fostering innovation and competition, and shaping a society empowered by data by safeguarding fundamental rights through ensuring data access, accountability and transparency. This article contributes to understanding the EU's evolving approach to data governance, fundamental rights and innovation.
Between common responsibility and national interest: When do Europeans support a common European migration policy?; Lutz, Philipp; European Union politics, 2024-06, Volume 25 (2), p. 313-332
The European Union has progressively communitarised its migration policy. The formation of public support for this integration of a core state power presents an intricate puzzle. On the one hand, immigration is part and parcel of the conflict around the opening and closing of nation states, and thereby mobilises nativist views and Euroscepticism. On the other hand, the European Union may serve as a shield against external threats such as uncontrolled immigration. This article sheds light on this conundrum by examining how refugee arrivals affect public support for a common European migration policy across 28 European Union member states between 1992 and 2021. The results lend support to a post-functionalist logic of an identitarian backlash against integration and a collective action logic of instrumental solidarity in line with national interests.
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